Detection of Carbamazepine and Its Metabolites in Blood Samples by LC-MS/MS / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To establish a method for the detection of carbamazepine and its metabolites 10,11-dihydro-10,11-epoxycarbamazepine and 10,11-dihydro-10-hydroxycarbamazepine in blood samples by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).@*METHODS@#The blood samples were treated with 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate as an extraction solvent. The samples were extracted by ultrasound-assisted extraction and separated by ZORBAX Eclipse Plus C18, 95Å column. The mobile phase A aqueous solution containing 0.1% formic acid and 10 mmol/L ammonium acetate, and mobile phase B mixed organic solvent containing acetonitrile/methanol (Vacetonitrile∶Vmethanol=2∶3) were used for gradient elution at the flow rate of 1.00 mL/min. An electrospray ion source in positive mode was used for detection in the multiple reaction monitoring.@*RESULTS@#The linearities of carbamazepine and its metabolites 10,11-dihydro-10,11-epoxycarbamazepine and 10,11-dihydro-10-hydroxycarbamazepine in blood samples were good within the corresponding range, with correlation coefficients (r) greater than 0.995 6. The limits of detection were 3.00, 0.40 and 1.30 ng/mL, respectively. The limit of quantitation were 8.00, 1.00 and 5.00 ng/mL, respectively. The extraction recoveries ranged from 76.00% to 106.44%. The relative standard deviations of the intra-day and inter-day precisions were less than 16%. Carbamazepine and its main metabolite 10,11-dihydro-10,11-epoxycarbamazepine were detected in blood samples of death cases with a mass concentration of 2.71 μg/mL and 252.14 ng/mL, respectively.@*CONCLUSIONS@#This method has high sensitivity and good selectivity, which is suitable for the detection of carbamazepine and its metabolites in blood samples, and can be used for carbamazepine-related forensic identifications.

Transcriptome analysis of mild hypothermia protection against radiation / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVES@#To analyze the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with radiation-induced rat lung injury, and to reveal the protective mechanism for mild hypothermia in the radiation-induced lung injury in rats at the transcriptome level.@*METHODS@#A total of 10 male SD rats aged 6-8 weeks were randomly divided into 2 groups to establish a rat model of radiation-induced lung injury, and one group was treated with mild hypothermia. RNA was extracted from left lung tissue of each group, and sequenced by BGISEQ-500 platform. Significance analysis of DEGs was carried out by edgeR software. Gene ontology (GO) function enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis were used to analyze the gene function. Then 5 key DEGs were verified by real-time reverse transcription PCR (real-time RT-PCR).@*RESULTS@#There were 2 790 DEGs (false discovery rate<0.001, |log@*CONCLUSIONS@#The DEGs and pathways related to mild hypothermia protection against radiation-induced lung injury in rats are obtained, which provides an experimental basis for the protection of mild hypothermia against radiation-induced lung injury.

FDA guidelines for preclinical evaluation of radiopharmaceuticals / 中华核医学与分子影像杂志

Preclinical evaluation is related to the clinical safety of radiopharmaceuticals.There are different research foci on preclinical evaluation of different radiopharmaceuticals.This article summarizes the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) preclinical evaluation guidelines of diagnostic and therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals,in order to provide reference for domestic research and preclinical evaluation of radiopharmaceuticals.

Effect of Blocking PYR Complex Binding to DNA Site by Peptide Nucleic Acid on γ-Globin Gene Expression / 中国实验血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of blocking polypyrimidine complex binding to DNA site by using peptide nucleic acid (PNA) on γ-globin gene expression.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>PYR-PNA, β-PNA and RS-PNA (random sequence-PNA) were designed and synthesized, then were transfected into K562 cells with the cationic liposome lipofectamine 2000 used as vector. The expression of γ-globin gene at both the transcriptional and translational level was detected by RT-PCR and the Western blot respectively at 24 h, 48 h and 72 h after transfection with PNAs.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with RS-PNA and control groups, the expression of γ-globin gene at mRNA and protein levels in PYR-PNA group was significantly up-regulated(P<0.05), especially at 48 h after tranfection, the levels of mRNA and protein in PYR-PNA group were increased by 2.0 and 2.5 times than those in control group, respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>PYR-PNA can significantly up-regulate the expression of γ-globin gene in K562 cells, this study may provide a new research idea for gene therapy of β-thalassemia.</p>

Introduction of radiopharmaceutical administration policy of FDA / 中华核医学与分子影像杂志

Radiopharmaceuticals have been widely used in the diagnosis, treatment and monitoring of diseases, and they play an important role in new drug development. Food and Drug Administration(FDA) has rich experience in the administration of radiopharmaceuticals. This article mainly interprets the regulato-ry policy of FDA for radiopharmaceuticals from the aspects of definition, regulations and registration, trying to provide reference for domestic research of radiopharmaceuticals.

Alteration of gene expression profile in Beagle dogs' peripheral blood lymphocytes after acute γ-ray irradiation / 中华放射医学与防护杂志

Objective To investigate the changes of gene expression profile in Beagle dogs' peripheral blood lymphocytes after acute irradiation.Methods Totally 20 male adult Beagle dogs were randomly divided into four groups including non-treatment blank control group and three radiation groups exposed to 0.5,2.0,and 5.0 Gy of γ-rays,respectively.Six hours after radiation,the peripheral blood were collected for lymphocytes isolation.Total RNA was extracted from the lymphocytes and analyzed by microarray hybridization.The differential gene profiles of radiation groups were analyzed by gene ontology (GO) analysis and kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathways analysis,and the alerted genes were further confirmed by the real time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) assay.Results Compared to the blank control group,the expressions of 308 genes in the radiation groups were perturbed over 2-fold of control,including 61 genes up-regulated and 247 genes down-regulated,which were mainly associated with immune response and cancer occurrence.The GO analysis indicated that the differential expressed genes were associated with cell connection,signal transduction,oxidation-reduction reaction and metabolism.The KEGG pathway analysis showed that some physiological and biochemical processes were involved,such as phagocytosis,tumor pathway,p53 signaling pathway,JAK-STAT signal pathway,cell differentiation,and proliferation,oxidative phosphorylation,glycogen dysplasia and other pathways.The microarray data of the alterations of apoptosis enhancing nuclease (AEN) and mitogenactivated protein kinase 13 (MAP3K13) gene expressions were further confirmed by qRT-PCR.Conclusions Exposure to different doses of acute γ-ray irradiation had significant impact on the gene expressions in Beagle dogs' peripheral blood lymphocytes and those differential expressed genes were related to a series of biological processes and pathways including immune response,metabolism and carcinogenesis.

Protective effects of different doses of hydrogen-rich water on radiation injury in mice / 中华放射医学与防护杂志

Objective To observe the protective effects of different doses of hydrogen-rich water on radiation injury in mice,so as to provide scientific basis for the application of hydrogen-rich water.Methods The ICR mice were randomly divided into control group,irradiation group,amifostine group and hydrogen-rich water of low,medium and high dose groups.The 30 days survival rate,body weight,hematology parameters,serum biochemical parameters,organ weight and coefficient,bone marrow micronucleus rate,bone marrow nucleated cell count were observed after total body irradiation with 9.0 Gy gamma rays.Results After 30 d of irradiation,the hydrogen-rich water showed obvious protective effect on the survival rate and body weight in a dose dependent manner so that the survival was significantly higher than that of irradiation group (t =-2.67,P ＜ 0.05).The biochemical index,such as TP,ALB and CRE in the low dose group,TP,ALB,TBIL and CRE in the medium dose group,and TP,ALB,GLU,TBIL,BUN,GRE and UA in the high dose group also indicated the protective effects of hydrogen-rich water (t =-2.04--4.11,P ＜ 0.05).But the protective effect of hydrogen-rich water was not observed in hematology,organ weight and coefficient,and bone marrow micronucleus induction.Conclusions The hydrogen-rich water has anti-radiation effect,which may depend on the dose of hydrogen.

Effects of mild hypothermia induced by pentobarbital sodium on hematology in male BALB/C mice / 中国比较医学杂志

Objective To observe the effects of mild hypothermia induced by pentobarbital sodium on hematology in male BALB/C mice.Method Healthy male BALB/C mice were divided randomly into two groups:control group ( C) and mild hypothermia group(M).The body temperature of the mild hypothermia group was maintained between 28℃ to 30℃( anal temperature ) for 4 hours induced by pentobarbital sodium injected intraperitoneally , then recover unaffected . Anal temperature, coagulation, electrolytes, and blood cell indexes were examined in 2, 24, 72 hours after treated by mild hypothermia;Control group was given equal volume of saline volume at constant temperature .Results The body temperature and coagulation in mild hypothermia group showed no significant difference compared with the control group ( P﹥0.05),but the concentration of K +and Na +in mild hypothermia group were higher than control group (P﹤0.01), the number of WBC in mild hypothermia group was lower than control group ( P﹤0.01或P﹤0.05 ) , and the RBC、HGB、MCH、MCHC in mild hypothermia group were lower than control group transiently (P﹤0.01或P﹤0.05).Conclusion Mild hypothermia induced by pentobarbital sodium affects some of hematological values in mice considerably .

Objective evaluation of otolithic end organs in sudden sensorineural hearing loss patients / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the function of the otolithic end organs and their input pathways in sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSHL) patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty cases of unilateral SSHL were enrolled as the observing group from May, 2011 to May, 2012. Thirty age- and gender-matched normal subjects were recruited as the control group. Both patients and normal subjects underwent conventional air-conducted ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potential (oVEMP) and cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potential (cVEMP) in bilateral ears. The results were compared between the affected ears, the contralateral ears and the normal controls.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Overall, oVEMP was elicited in 16 affected ears (40.0%), 23 contralateral ears (57.5%) and 43 normal ears (71.7%). cVEMP could be elicited in 25 affected ears (62.5%), 30 contralateral ears (75.0%) and 49 normal ears (81.7%) respectively. Significant statistical significance could be found in the oVEMP response rate between the affected ears and the normal ears (χ(2) = 9.949, P = 0.002) and in the cVEMP response rate between the affected ears and the normal ears (χ(2) = 4.582, P = 0.032). Significant statistical difference could not be found in all oVEMP and cVEMP parameters (threshold, N1 latency, P1 latency, latency interval and amplitude) among groups (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The otolithic vestibular end organs and their input pathways could be damaged in SSHL patients. Such damages could be monitored objectively by cVEMP and oVEMP examinations.</p>

Analysis on effectiveness of platelet transfusion in 1786 patients / 中国实验血液学杂志

This study was aimed to observe and analyze the effectiveness of platelet transfusion. The platelet count of 1786 patients before transfusion and on 20-24 hours after transfusion was determined by using Auto-Hematology Analyzer, the percent platelet recovery (PPR) was calculated, the platelet transfusion efficiency (PTE) was evaluated by PPR and hemorrhage presentation after platelet transfusion, and the PTE was statistically analyzed according to disease cause, transfusion frequency, platelet type and once transfusion amount. The results showed that the total PTE of 1786 patients was 52.5%. The comparison of PTE among groups of disease cause showed that PTE in leukemia and aplastic anemia (AA) was lowest, as compared with that of other diseases (P < 0.05), while PTE in operation group was highest. The comparison of PTE among groups of transfusion frequency revealed also statistical difference (P < 0.01), meanwhile PTE decreased with increasing of transfusion frequency. The comparison of PTE among groups of platelet type (platelet phoresis or platelet concentrate) showed statistical difference (P < 0.01). The comparison of PTE among groups of platelet concentrate of once transfusion amount showed no statistical difference (P > 0.05). It is concluded that the PTE closely relates with disease cause of patients, moreover transfusion frequency also associates with PTE, the more frequency of transfusion, the higher possibility of transfusion refractoriness. The PTE of platelet pheresis is obviously superior to that of platelet concentrate, while PTE of platelet concentrate not significantly relates with once adequate or not.

Characteristics of the air-conducted ocular evoked myogenic potential in the young normal Chinese subjects / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To identify the characteristics of the air-conducted ocular vestibular-evoked myogenic potential (oVEMP) in the young normal Chinese subjects.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty five normal subjects were recruited for conventional examinations of oVEMP. The subjects were 19 - 45 years of age [(24.3 ± 5.6) years], 12 males and 13 females. 500 Hz air-conducted tone burst was employed for examination. The threshold of oVEMP in each ear was examined; patterns of these waves were observed and the normal ranges of the oVEMP waves responded to 100 dBnHL were calculated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All subjects were elicited with normal oVEMP N1-P1 waves in both ears. The response rate in these subjects was 100%. The threshold of oVEMP examination was (86.6 ± 3.6) dBnHL (x(-) ± s), latency N1 (10.1 ± 0.4) ms, latency P1 (14.7 ± 1.2) ms, interval N1-P1 (4.5 ± 1.0) ms, amplitude (7.9 ± 4.4) µV.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Air-conducted oVEMP is a kind of vestibular-ocular reflex respond to intensive sound generated by otolithic vestibular end organs. It is stable in the young normal subjects with minor variabilities.</p>

Biomechanical study on the novel minimally invasive anterior anatomic locking plate for mid-distal humeral shaft fractures / 医用生物力学

Objective To test the mechanical properties of a self-developed novel anterior mid-distal humerus anatomic locking plate (hereinafter referred to as the new plate) and to improve its design to provide theoretical support for its clinical application. Methods Twenty intact humerus from embalmed human cadavers were obtained and used for the biomechanical test on mid-distal humeral shaft fracture models by using the new plate (group A) and 4.5 mm LC DCP（limited contact dynamic compression plate）(group B), respectively. Both groups were compared under axial compression, medial-lateral bending, medial-lateral three-point bending and external rotation torque. Results The stiffness, strength and stress shielding of the new plate for mid-distal humeral shaft fractures under four different loads were superior to those of 4.5 mm LC-DCP, and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusions The new plate can satisfy the requirements of physical training at early stage for fixed mid-distal humeral shaft fractures, which gives great clinical values.

Impact of five genetic polymorphisms on inter-individual variation in warfarin maintenance dose / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of genetic polymorphisms in VKORC1, CYP2C9, GGCX, EPHX1, APOE genes on inter-individual variation in warfarin maintenance dose.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Two hundred and forty-nine patients with stable warfarin dose were enrolled in this study, and the clinical data and blood samples of the patients were collected. Genotypes for the 5 genes were determined by using PCR and denaturing high performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC) assay. The warfarin maintenance doses were compared among patients with different genotypes of the 5 genes, and a warfarin stable dosing algorithm was derived based on genetic and non-genetic factors.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of the 5 genes, VKORC1, CYP2C9 and GGCX were associated with warfarin stable dose. The multiple linear regression analysis indicated that VKORC1, CYP2C9 and GGCX genes, age and weight, had significant influence on inter-individual variation in warfarin stable dose, which contributed 30.2%, 22.8%, 1.5%, 4.7% and 6.7% respectively. The warfarin stable dosing algorithm acquired from the optimal regression model could explain 57.8% variation in warfarin dose.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>This study suggested that genetic factors are the major determinants of the warfarin maintenance dose, and warfarin stable dosing algorithm may be useful for helping clinicians to prescribe warfarin with greater safety and efficiency.</p>

Colonic sac duct for first-stage repair of colon anastomotic leakage in miniature pigs / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the efficacy, safety and reliability of colonic sac duct for first-stage repair of colorectal anastomotic leakage.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>An animal model of colon anastomotic leakage was established in 30 Tibet miniature pigs, which were randomly divided into treatment group and control group (n=15). Colon anastomotic leakage in the treatment group was repaired using the colonic sac duct, while the control group received conventional surgical repair. At 7, 14, and 21 days after the surgery, the healing of the anastomotic leakage was evaluated by examining the bursting pressure, tissue microvessel density and hydroxyproline content at the anastomosis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Using the colonic sac duct, the anastomotic leakage was successfully repaired without death of the pigs or the occurrence of intestinal stenosis or necrosis. At 7 and 14 days after the surgery, the bursting pressure, hydroxyproline contents, and microvessel density in the treatment groups were higher than those in the control group, but such difference was not found at 21 days.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Colonic sac duct allows effective repair of colon anastomotic leakage, and is especially useful for leakage lasting for 48-72 h complicated by severe abdominal infection.</p>

Effect of ginkgo biloba extract on plasma vascular endothelial growth factor during peri-operative period of cardiac surgery / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect and clinical value of ginkgo biloba extract (Ginaton) on the plasma vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in patients during peri-operative period of cardiac surgery.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty patients scheduled to receive cardiac operation were randomly assigned to 2 groups by a digital table. For the 10 patients in the control group, the cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) was established in routine and received cold (4 degrees C) St. Thomas' cardioplegia perfusion (15 mL/kg) via aortic root after ascending aorta blocking, as for the 10 patients in the Ginaton group, the same was done but with 0.5 mg/kg of Ginaton added to the cardioplegia perfusion. Plasma VEGF contents were detected by ELISA at different time points, i.e., before and after anesthesia induction (T1, T2), after aorta intubation (T3), 0.5 h after aorta clamping (T4), 0.5 h after aorta declamping (T5), immediate after terminating the operation (T6), 6 h after operation (T7), and 24 h after operation (T8).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In the control group, VEGF level began to rise at T, and reached the peak at T7(P < 0.01), while in the Ginaton group, it reached the peak early at T, (P < 0.01), and began to drop at T (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Ginaton could induce the production of VEGF, which may be one of the mechanisms for its myocardial protection.</p>

Analysis of outer membrane proteins of Riemerella antipestifer / 生物工程学报

An isolated virulence Riemerella anatipestifer strain passaged 200 times on TSB agar were used for the virulent to avirulent conversion. The effects of passage on biological properties of outer membrane proteins (OMPs) were investigated using the virulent and avirulent strains. Transmission electron microscopy demonstrated that the avirulent strain produced lower amounts of outer membrane vesicles and the outer membrane decreased, the cytoplasmic appearance jumbled. The OMPs of the virulent strain agglutinated only in RA serotype 2 antisera, whereas the OMPs of the avirulent strain agglutinated in antisera of RA 1, 2, 10 and 11. SDS-PAGE Analysis showed the OMPs profiles of both strains were similar but the immunoblotting profiles were different. The protective immunity against Riemerella anatipestifer infection was investigated by immunizations with OMPs in ducks. ELISA results showed that the OMPs induced the production of antibodies in immunized ducks, but the OMPs of virulence strain induced higher antibody titers than the attenuated strain (P < 0.05). RA2 group showed significantly higher survival rates (100%) than RA200 group (0%) after challenged with the homologous virulent strain. The ompA gene of both stains were also amplified by PCR, nucleotide homology was 99.9%. In conclusion, OMPs of virulent RA strain are suitable candidates for vaccine development. Biological properties of OMPs undergoes significant changes during serial passage and suggest that vigilance should be used when extrapolating data obtained from the study of high-passage strains.

Effect of basic fibroblast growth factor plus Brucea Javanica oil emulsion on repairing back skin wound of rabbits / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: It has been proved that the application of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) combined with Brucea Javanica oil emulsion can accelerate wound healing and inhibit scar formation.OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of bFGF plus Brucea Javanica oil emulsion cream on accelerating the skin wound healing of rabbits.DESIGN: A randomized controlled observation.SETTING: Center of Biotechnological Research and Development, Jinan University; College of Pharmacy, Jinan University.MATERIALS:The experiment was carried out in the College of Pharmacy, Jinan University from June to September in 2004. Eight Beijing big-ear white rabbits (4 males and 4 females) of 2.0-2.5 kg were provided by the experimental animal center of Southern Medical University (certification number: SoKx-2002-010). bFGF sterile freeze dried powder agent,provided by Guangzhou Changsheng Gene Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd (batch number: 20040219; specific activity was 6 000 U/bottle), was prepared to solution with water for injection before application. Brucea Javanica oil emulsion (manufactured by Zhejiang 999 Bang'erkang Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd.) was provided by Professor Yao from staff Room of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University.METHODS: The rabbits were anesthetized and disinfected, 5 round wounds with diameter of 1.8 cm and area of 2.54 cm2were induced from front to back by bilateral incision at 1.5 cm from middle spine of rabbit. The 5 wounds of each rabbit were randomly divided into bFGF-treated group (90 U/cm2), bFGF+Brucea Javanica oil emulsion group [the wound was smeared with Brucea Javanica oil emulsion (30 mg/cm2) 30 minutes after bFGF (90 U/cm2)], Brucea Javanica oil emulsion treated group [the wound was smeared with Brucea Javanica oil emulsion (30 mg/cm2)], blank emulsion group (30 mg/cm2) and blank control group (the wound was smeared with saline). The medication was give immediately after injury, and changed once a day for 16 days. At 4, 8, 12 and 16 days after injury, the wound areas were recorded with the method of hyaline membrane tracing (the wound was covered with clean saran wrap, the size of wound was traced,and then sheared to be weighed, and converted to calculate the area), and the volume of wounded cavity was measured by infusing water. At 8 and 16 days, the wound tissue was removed, stained after routine tissue sections, and the conditions of growth of granulation tissue and reepithelization on the wound surface were observed.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: The wound area, volume of wounded cavity, and the conditions of growth of granulation tissue and reepithelization on the wound surface were obviously at different time points after injury in each group.RESULTS:All the 8 rabbits were involved in the analysis of results. ① Wound areas at different time points in each group: The wound areas in the bFGF+Brucea Javanica oil emulsion group at 4, 8 and 12 days after medication were smaller than those in the blank control group at corresponding time points [(2.05±0.35), (1.59±0.25), (0.55±0.25) cm2;(2.53±0.30), (2.41±0.19), (1.09±0.34) cm2, P＜0.05-0.01]. The wound areas in the bFGF group at 8 and 12 days after medication were (1.71±0.31) and (0.51±0.10) cm2, which were significantly smaller than those in the blank control group at corresponding time points (P＜0.05-0.01). ② Volume of the wounded cavity in each group: The wound volume in the bFGF group at 4 days after injury was markedly smaller than that in the blank control group at corresponding time point [(0.49±0.12), (0.59±0.1) mL, P＜0.05]. The wound volumes in the bFGF+Brucea Javanica oil emulsion group at 4 and 8days after injury were significantly smaller than those in the blank control group at corresponding time points [(0.47±0.12), (0.30±0.08) mL; (0.59±0.1), (0.41±0.07) mL, P＜0.05, 0.01]. ③ Growth of granulation tissue and reepithelization on the wound surface in each group: At 8 days after injury, the inflammatory reaction was milder and fibroblasts proliferated significantly in the bFGF+Brucea Javanica oil emulsion group, and the numbers of capillary plumules and fibroblasts were significantly more than those in the blank control group. The conditions in the blank control group and blank emulsion group were generally the same that there were severe inflammatory reactions, obvious increase of granulation tissue, fewer new capillaries, and unobvious proliferation of epidermic cells. At 16 days after injury, the contraction and reepithelization on the wound surface were obvious, and the new epithelia went towards the wound center rapidly in the bFGF+Brucea Javanica oil emulsion group.CONCLUSION : The application of Brucea Javanica oil emulsion plus bFGF can obviously accelerate the repair of incised wound on the back of rabbits.

Effects of Ginaton on the markers of myocardial injury during cardiopulmonary bypass / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the effects of Ginaton (Ginkgo biloba leaf extract) on the myocardial injury markers (MIMs) during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty patients with congenital heart diseases, scheduled to take atrial septum or ventricular septum repairing operation, were randomly divided into the Ginaton group and the control group, 20 cases in each group. Patients in both groups received St. Thomas' cardioplegic perfusion via radix aortae, while Ginaton (0.5 mg/kg) was added into the perfusion for the Ginton group. Cardiac surgery were started after complete heart arrest. Central venous blood was obtained before and at 0, 6th, 12th, 24th and 48th hour after operation for detection of serum C reaction protein (CRP) by immunoturbidimetry, as well as creation kinase-MB isoenzyme (CK-MB), cardiac troponin T (cTnT) and cardiac troponin I (cTnI) with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There was no difference in serum concentration of CRP, CK-MB, cTnT and cTnI between the two groups before operation (P > 0.05). These indexes increased immediately after operation in both groups ( P < 0.05). They reached the peak value 12 hrs after CPB and reduced to normal level 48 hrs post-operation in the control group, with the value significantly higher than that in the Ginaton group at all the corresponding time points (P < 0.05, or P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Perfusion with Ginaton during CPB could significantly decrease the release of MIMs and improve post-CPB cardiac function recovery, exerting favorable myocardium-protective effects.</p>

Theory of local inflammatory infiltration and irritation in the pathogenesis of acquired cholesteatoma / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the deep pathogenesis of acquired cholesteatoma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The temporal bone slides of 12 ears with retraction pocket were histopathologically studied under microscope, especially focusing on the location of retraction pocket and inflammatory pathology in the local middle ear cavity next to retraction pockets. The temporal bone slides of 11 ears with acquired cholesteatoma were histopathologically observed and 33 cases diagnosed as acquired cholesteatoma were clinically observed observed in the local middle ear cavity next to the part without retraction pocket of eardrum. The results of pathological observation of the temporal bone slides with acquired cholesteatoma and clinical observation during operation for acquired cholesteatoma show that cholesteatoma invade mainly and occupied the ossicular chain eara of the middle ear cleft.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>In the pathological process of otitis media, the intractable pathological changes in the ossicular chain area can inward adhere posterosuperior quadrant or pars flaccida of the eardrum to form retraction pocket and permanently infiltrate the external squamous epithelial layer of retraction pocket to excessively proliferate and keratinize, leading to formation of acquired cholesteatoma.</p>

Effects of moxibustion at Feishu (BL 13) and Gaohuang (BL 43) on expression of TGF-beta1 in the bleomycin -induced pulmonary fibrosis / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the mechanism of moxibustion arresting the pulmonary fibrosis and provide experimental basis for prevention and treatment of pulmonary fibrosis with acupuncture and moxibustion.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred and forty SD rats were randomly assigned to 4 groups: a blank group, a model group, a moxibustion group and a prednisone group, 35 rats in each group. The 3 groups expect the blank group were injected with bleomycin via trachea to induce experimental pulmonary fibrosis model, and 7 days after modeling, they were treated with moxibustion at bilateral Feishu (BL 13) and Gaohuang (BL 43), 3 cones each point, once each day, 10 days constituting one therapeutic course with an interval of one day between courses. After 3 courses, all rats were killed and expressions of TGF-beta1mRNA were detected with PCR method.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The content of TGF-beta1mRNA in the pulmonary tissue in the moxibustion group and the prednisone group was significantly lower than the model group (P < 0.01), and there was no significant difference between the moxibustion group and the prednisone group (P > 0. 05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Both moxibustion at Feishu (BL 13) and Gaohuang (BL 43), and prednisone treatment can significantly suppress the expression of TGF-beta1mRNA in the pulmonary tissue in the rat of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis.</p>